MicroRNAs are a novel class of short, noncoding RNA genes that regulate gene expression at the translational level.1 MicroRNAs play a central role in developmental processes and are differentially expressed in various cancers. In clinical applications, microRNAs can provide physicians and pathologists with valuable insight on various conditions such as cancer, infectious diseases, and metabolic disorders.2,3

Using proprietary methods developed by Rosetta Genomics’ scientists, microRNAs can be extracted from a wide range of tissue and body fluid samples and quantified to identify a specific microRNA signature. MicroRNAs have been found to be well preserved in various types of clinical samples and preparations, and their levels can be accurately quantified by molecular assays.2 MicroRNA may provide the solution for classification accuracy and objectivity.

Together, these properties make microRNAs ideal biomarkers for molecular cancer diagnostics.

1. Benjamin H, Lebanony D, Cohen L, et al. Differential diagnosis of mesothelioma using a microRNA assay. Presented at: 44th American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting; May 30-June 3, 2008; Chicago, IL. Abstract 22000.
2. Rosenfeld N, Aharonov R, Meiri E, et al. MicroRNAs accurately identify cancer tissue origin.
   Nat Biotechnol. 2008;26(4):462-469.
3. Gilad S, Meiri E, Yogev Y, et al. Serum microRNAs are promising novel biomarkers.
   PLoS ONE. 2008;3(9):e3148.