Accurate differention of SCLC from NSCLC is critical
Routine histopathology is the current standard of lung tumor classification but has demonstrated only limited concordance among different pathologists1-4. Although considered by many as the favorable method of diagnostics, the accuracy of lung cancer classification by IHC is limited by the variable sensitivity and specificity of each marker5. Lung cancers show substantial variation in appearance and differentiation from microscopic field to field and from one histological section to the next. There is also a lack of standardization in interpretation of IHC results, and ancillary techniques are used in order to increase the reliability of the histopathology evaluation.
Variability in the Performance of IHC Markers6-13
Performance of standard IHC markers overlaps to such a degree that their effectiveness in supporting objective subclassifications of NSCLC has been brought into question.
The shortcomings associated with current lung cancer classification methods point to the need for a highly accurate, objective, reproducible, and standardized classification tool in lung cancer diagnosis.
A single, conclusive test that differentiates SCLC, carcinoid, squamous NSCLC and non-squamous NSCLC is finally available. miRview® lung is a microRNA-based molecular diagnostic test that offers
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- Field RW, Smith BJ, Platz CE, et al. Lung cancer histologic type in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results registry versus independent review. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004;96(14):1105-1107.
- Feinstein AR, Gelfman NA, Yesner R. Observer variability in the histopathologic diagnosis of lung cancer. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1970;101(5):671-684.
- Khayyata S, Yun S, Pasha T, Jian B, McGrath C, Yu G, Gupta P, Baloch Z. Value of P63 and CK5/6 in distinguishing squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma in lung fine-needle aspiration specimens. Diagn Cytopathol. 2009:37(3):178-83.
- Gustafsson BI, Kidd M, Chan A, Malfertheiner MV, Modlin IM. Bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Cancer. 2008:113(1):5-21.
- Hammar SP. Immunohistology of lung and pleural neoplasms. In: Dabbs D, ed. Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone; 2006:329-403.
- Camilo R, Capelozzi VL, Siqueira SA, Del Carlo Bernardi F. Expression of p63, keratin 5/6, keratin 7, and surfactant-A in non-small cell lung carcinomas. Hum Pathol. 2006;37:542-546.
- Reis-Filho JS, Simpson PT, Martins A, Preto A, Gärtner F, Schmitt FC. Distribution of p63, cytokeratins 5/6 and cytokeratin 14 in 51 normal and 400 neoplastic human tissue samples using TARP-4 multi-tumor tissue microarray. Virchows Arch. 2003;443(2):122-132.
- Ordóñez NG. The diagnostic utility of immunohistochemistry in distinguishing between epithelioid mesotheliomas and squamous carcinomas of the lung: a comparative study. Mod Pathol. 2006;19(3):417-428.
- Au NH, Gown AM, Cheang M, et al. p63 expression in lung carcinoma: a tissue microarray study of 408 cases. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2004;12(3):240-247.
- Saad RS, Liu YL, Han H, Landreneau RJ, Silverman JF. Prognostic significance of thyroid transcription factor-1 expression in both early-stage conventional adenocarcinoma and bronchioloalveolar carcinoma of the lung. Hum Pathol. 2004;35(1):3-7.
- Abutaily AS, Addis BJ, Roche WR. Immunohistochemistry in the distinction between malignant mesothelioma and pulmonary adenocarcinoma: a critical evaluation of new antibodies. J Clin Pathol. 2002;55(9):662-668.
- Tan D, Li Q, Deeb G, et al. Thyroid transcription factor-1 expression prevalence and its clinical implications in non-small cell lung cancer: a high-throughput tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry study. Hum Pathol. 2003;34(6):597-604.
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